Apparatus for the carbonization of woolen rags, combings, and the like



Mar. 13, 1923,

1,448,038. v V.l PIANA. APPARATUS FOR THE cARBoNlzATmN 0F wooLEN RAGS,COMBINGS, AND THE LIKE.

. FILED AUG.3, 192|. 2 SHEETS-SHEETI 1,448,038. V7 PIANA.

coMlNGs, AND THE LIKE.

FILED AUG.3, I9Zl.l

Mar. 13, 1923.

APPARATUS' Fon THE cARomzAnoN or wooLENRAGs Patented Mar( 13,V 1923.

biedt? VITTORIO PIANA,

OF TURIN, ITALY.

lAriuiiainiUs ron THE cansomzefrion or WooLEN nass, coMBINGs', ANDTHELVIKE.

' Application med August a, 1921. serial No. 489,627.

To all iii/tom t may concern Be it. lrnoivn that I, Vrr'r'onro PIANA, asubject of the King of italy, and resident oil Turin, Italy, haveinvented kcertain new and the Carbonization of Vioolen Rags, `Combings,and the like, of which the following is a specification.

projecting arms 9 and it terminates close to zv the two end Walls' or'thechamber 1 opposite charging orifice 10 at the higher extremity d fofthe rotary drum and opposite a discharge 5 useful improvements in theApparatus for orifice 11 at the lower extremity.

Each of these openings is traversed by a d transporter consisting forinstance of anendless band 12 carriedby rollers12 `and The presentinvention hasfor itsv object suitably operated by the drive of the ap``an apparatus `for carrying out the so-called paratus, and includesalsov a closing device carbonizationf of the wool with continuousopera-tion and under satisfactory output Conditions, said carbonizationconsisting in bringing the Woolinto contact with gasecus hydrochloricacid -for the purpose of destroying all foreign matterot vegetablenature which may be mixed with the wool, such as cotton or othervegetable libres, small chips of Wood, and the like. ,A

The apparatus according to this invention comprises a chamber providedwith means for transporting the material to be treated and for settinginside said chamber a current of hydrochloric acid gas, as Well as meansfor the heating ol' the chamber.

Other advantages and features of this invention are pointed 4out `in thefollowing specification and in the appended claims.

The annexeddrawings` show by Way of example two embodiments of thisinvention.

ln said drawings Figure 1 is the longitudinal section on line 1-1 ofFigure 2, of a construction of apparatus; Figure 2 is the transversesection on line 2 2 of Figure 1; l41 igure 3 is' the longitudinalsection of a modiiied construction on line 3-3 of Figure l, and lFiguref1- isl a transverse section online -1-fl of Figure 3.

The construction shown by Figures 1 and 2 comprises a chamber 1 which isclosed and protected by a suitable insulating matheir mouths.

formed` say by flexible Walls 13 which arecapable of reducing to aminimumthe escape oi' gas through such openings.

At the lower extremity of the drum there projects apipe 14 for theadmission of hydrochloric lacid gas and in the oppositev IWall of thechamberr l'leading to the'in'- side of the casing 2, is the mouth ofanoutlet pipe 13 for the discharge of the, gas. Lastly, into the chamber 1and externally `to the casing 2, open pipes 16 and .17 for the supplyand 'escape of hot air derived i* from a suitable heating installationlnot illustrated, and whichv is compelled t0 come into Contact with theentire surface of the casing 2 by arranging the latter so thaty it bearsfor example. against the Wall of the chamber 1 Where thepipes 16 and 17have TWhen the apparatus `isxin operation, the

hot air entering by the pipe 16 heats the y i 3, proceeds 'further andfurther', inwards,

being"continuouslylitted and then vdropped by the'arms 9. By thisprocess the material `t0 `be itreatedl is subjected uninterruptedlyterial and a cylindrical stationarynenvelope to the action of the gas'under the mfost or casing 2 of sheet metal located Within saidfavourable conditions, for, in consequence of 95 chamber and arrangedwith its axis inclined. In the interior oi the casing 2 is fitted acylindrical drum 3 having. its axis inclined and which is Jree t0rotate; for this purpose it is provided, as shown, with rings 4 supported on Wheels 5 mounted on inclined shafts 6 which rare driven bygears and 8 operated by a shaft 8 and by a belt 8".

The drum 3 is provided with inwardly the stirring and agitation itundergoes during its passage through the-drum. it is repeatedly broughtinto intimate contact with the gas 0n all sides. i n y The transport ofthe material to be treated may be effected by different methods; Figures3 and l represent a construction of apparatus Where is provided anendless band 18 tor the purpose of transporting the mageziene-s terial,said band passing over rollers 19 at its extremities, one of Which maybe rotated by any suitable means such as by a belt gearing 20. Thisconstruction is particularly useful in connection With the treatment ofdelicate materials which cannot be subjected to any rough treatment oragitation Without deteriorating them. y

The band 18 tra-verses the openings 10 and 11 in the end Walls of thechamber 1 in which also are arranged the flexible Wall closing means 13serving to recuce the leakage ot gas.

,ln other respects this construction is similar to that or theliorcgoing example and similar members are, in both.` denoted by thesaine reference letters and therefore it does not require furtherdescription.

Of course the casing 2 may now ranged with its axis horizontal.

. ln this arrangement the material to be treated is loaded on to theband 18 at its entrance end and is fed by the band towards the interiorin the direction of the arrow.

This transport may take place either continuously or intermittently andit may be carried out with any desired speed so that the material whichis never shifted in position and is subjected to no agitation may belett in contact with the gas for any length or time desired.

In every case the apparatus just described permits of the carrying outot the carboni- Zation yprocess in such a manner that the operation is acontinuous one and one also permitting of the recovery oi thehydrochloric acid which leaves the apparatus through the pipe 15.Besides since the Warming of the gas is effected by heating the envelope2 Which is enclosed in an insulating chamber, the loss ot heat isreduced to a minimum. Final jy the heating ot the gas is carried outWithout bringing the hot air into contact with the material to betreated, so that the latter is in no Way soiled.

By the aid oi the apparatus described, carbonization can be carried outwith a great saying in -fuel, in `gas and in manual labour, this beingdue to the rapidity of the passage of the material through theapparatus, the comparatively low temperature at which the operation cantake place and the indirect method of heating; for the same reasons the.fibre is elastic and of good resistance and the colours are preservedentirely unaltered.

lVhat l claim as my invention and desire to secure by United StatesLetters Patent is:-

1. in apparatus for carbonizing foreign vegetable matters. in Woolenrags, combings and the like comprising a chamber, a closed thin-Walledcasing located in said chamber and leaving aI space intermediate it andthe walls of said chamber, gas-tight means for supplying and dischargingmaterial into and from said casing, means for` moving the materialthrough said casing from the supply end to the discharge end; means forintroducing combustion gases into said chamber in the space around saidcasing and in contact with its wall, and means 'for introducinghydrochloric: acid gas into said casing.

2. An apparatus for carbonizing foreign vegetable matters in woolenrags, combings and the like comprising` a chamber, a closed thin-Walledcasing located in said chamber and leaving a space intermediate it andthe Walls ot' said chamber, gas-tight means for supplying anddischarging material into and' from said casing, means 'lor moving thematerial through said casing from the supply end to discharge end, meansfor introducing combustion gases into said chamber in the space aroundsaid casing and in contact With its Wall, and mea-ns forcontinuously'supplying and exhausting' hydrochloric acid gas at the twoopposite ends of said casing.

3. rin apparatus for carbonizing'foreign vegetable matters in Woolenrags, combings, and the like,comprisin g a chamber, a casing locatedinsaid chamber with a portion of its Wall in contact With a Wall of saidchamber throughout its length, means for causing the material to passthroughout said casing, means zfor supplying hydrochloric acid gas insaid casing, and means for supplying and exhausting hot air into andfrom said chambern these means @peiling in the Wall of. said chambercontacted by said ing at the opposite sides ot the contact portion.

e. An apparatus for carbonizing` foreign vegetable matters in Woolenrags, combings and the like, comprising a casing, means for causing the.material to pass throughout said casing through inlet and exhaustmouths, resilient means for restricting these mouths, means forsupplying hydrochloric acid gas in .said casing and means for heatingsaid casing. j

Signed at rllurin, ltaly, July 7, 1921.

VTTORI() PNA.

